What you probably need for all that is displacement, velocity, and force measurements. Displacement and velocity are fairly easy, simple instrumentation with no specialized conditioning. However, the Force (strain) is very different and is what instantly jumps up the cost of building one of these.

For each strain gauge transducer, you will need a higher end strain conditioner. I've seen some on eBay or other places for as little as $400 (Omega was the brand I saw, Daytronic 3270 is what I have), but really not much cheaper. I first tried to use a $20 strain conditioner used in your typical digital scale. It worked, as in, I could measure a static weight, and it was very accurate. However, as soon as I used it dynamically, I found it no longer worked. My first set of results gave me a VERY high amount of hysteresis. I thought it was the way the shock actually worked. But after further investigation, and borrowing a high end conditioner, I found it was in fact the $20 conditioner. Electronically, it has a high amount of lag in it. So, it works fine if you have time to let it settle, but if you are looking for a quick response, you need a high end conditioner.

For the data acquisition, I use a Windaq DI-155, but they have a replacement (better) one now. I tested/compared this one to a $12,000 acquisition system, and for what I was measuring (force, displacement, velocity at 400Hz), this one was perfectly accurate. The computer only needs to be a basic PC. I also use an add-in to send data directly to Excel, which makes using the windaq a lot easier. This is only a 4 channel system though, so if you want to build a multi-axis table, you will certainly need more channels, and that will greatly increase the cost as well.