Hi everyone!

I'm doing a school project testing out the performance of different micro-rotor designs, and wanted a little help understanding a few things and choosing parts.

The motor I'm using is this one:
E-Flite Park 250 Brushless Outrunner Motor 2200Kv

I'll probably be getting this ESC for it:
Turnigy Plush 12A

I plan to use an Arduino Uno or a Servo Programmer to control it. Seeing as I don't plan on flying anything, I was hoping to get some kind of power supply that plugs into a wall instead of a battery pack to power my motor. What are different things I can get that will be able to output all the voltage/current I need to test my motor throughout its full range? Would some kind of AC adapter to charge laptops work? Can it output the necessary current?

Also, I would like to know why ESC and brushless motors are rated at such high amperage. How can that little brushless motor and ESC I'm using be rated at 8A and 12A respectively without larger voltages to match? The big Tektronix variable power supplies are really powerful and expensive, but can only output like 5A.

One more question: I have a Jeti Advance 30A Plus ESC. Would I be able to use this for my little E-flite 8A motor?

Thanks in advance!